Sign up for a workshop
Book recommendation:
e Bear market in our web seminars. You may have read the quotes by Warren Buffet about how he looks forward to declining stock prices. The 24/7 financial news channels are working hard to spin the Bear Market as, “not so bad” for investors. Why then, are folks still not comfortable seeing their 401k and other savings dropping 5%, 15% and 25%? Why are large investors pulling billions of dollars out of the stock markets? How come you don’t feel love for the Bear??"Survivorship Bias. Fund companies statistics refer only to funds that currently exist. So when a fund has been performing poorly for several years, the mutual fund company simply terminates the fund or merges it with another. Either way, the offending fund's statistics are wiped away, as though the fund never existed. This misleads investors into believing that the company's overall performance is better than it really is.
This is legal but wrong. Track record investing not only does not work, the track record itself may be unreliable.Worse: When a fund terminates, it triggers tax liabilities you didn't want and forces you to find another investment. And when a fund is merged into another, you find yourself owning shares in a fund you might not want. In all of this, you have no advance warning and no say; the termination or merger will occur whether you like it or not."
--Ric Edelman: "The Continuing Evolution of Investment Management" 2007
1938 Fannie Mae created during the Great Depression as a government agency to ensure supply of mortgage funds. The aim was to boost banks’ capacity to offer home loans by buying up existing loans in exchange for cash
1968 Fannie Mae re-chartered by Congress as a shareholder-owned company, funded solely with private capital
1970 Freddie Mac created to provide competition in the secondary mortgage market and end Fannie Mae’s monopoly
1971 Freddie Mac introduces the first mortgage-related security
2003 US policy interest rates hit a low of 1%, further stoking the booming US housing market
2004 Following an accounting scandal, Fannie and Freddie’s regulator Ofheo requires the companies to raise their level of core capital 30 per cent above previous levels, in effect capping their ability to purchase mortgages
2006 A steep rise in the rate of subprime mortgage defaults and foreclosures lead a number of subprime mortgage lenders to fail. The failure of these companies causes prices in the mortgage-backed securities market to slip
August 2007 Rising defaults on subprime mortgages trigger a global credit crunch
March 2008 Ofheo gives both companies permission to add as much as $200bn financing into the mortgage markets by reducing their capital requirements
April 2008 Ofheo report reveals that Fannie and Freddie accounted for 75 per cent of new mortgages at the end of 2007 as other sources of financing pull back on lending
July 2008 Shares in Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae plummeted amid speculation that a bailout of the government-sponsored mortgage financiers may be required, and that such a bail-out would leave little if any value for current shareholders. Frantic trading on Thursday in New York dragged shares in both companies down to their lowest levels since 1991
September 2008 The US government seizes control of the troubled mortgage groups in what could become the world’s biggest financial bail-out. The government’s move, its most dramatic since the start of the credit crisis, is aimed at ensuring the two groups’ woes do not cripple the country’s housing market or worsen to the point that they fail and send shockwaves through global markets
Source: The Financial Times Limited 2008, A history of Freddie Mac and Fannie MaePrevious Episodes |